FTDT Use Cases — Canadian Operations (CARs)

Updated: 2026-06-26 · Audited: 2026-06-26

Operational scenarios for the ALPA Mobile FTDT calculator under CARs Part VII, Division III (§§700.19–700.72), applicable to Subpart 5 (705) — Airline Operations.

1. Entering Canadian FDP Data

1a — FDP in Progress (Real-Time Entry)

A WestJet pilot operating YYZ–YVR–YYC is currently airborne on the second segment and entering data into the app. FDP start: 08:00 ET. Average scheduled flight duration: ~260 min (≥50 min → §700.28 Table 3). Table 3, 07:00–12:59 start, 1–4 flights: 13 hours maximum FDP.

App behavior: Display current elapsed time vs. maximum FDP; show applicable §700.28 table and lookup parameters; update remaining FDP as each segment is entered.

1b — Retroactive FDP Entry

An Air Canada pilot completes a three-segment day and logs it at day's end. FDP start: 06:30 ET, FDP end: 17:45 ET — total FDP: 11 hours 15 minutes. Three segments; average: 85 min (≥50 min → Table 3). Table 3, 06:00–06:59 start, 1–4 flights: 12 hours maximum. FDP was within limits ✅

1c — Prospective FDP Entry

A Transat pilot reviewing tomorrow's schedule: YUL–CDG, departing 23:30 ET. Average duration ≥50 min → Table 3. Table 3, 23:00–23:59 start, 1–4 flights: 10 hours maximum FDP.

App behavior: Warn on late-night start; check §700.61 WOCL crossing; suggest augmented crew assessment if FDP may exceed 10 hours.

2. Unaugmented Operations

2a — Turnaround Routes (Short Segments, Table 1)

Jazz Aviation pilot, turboprop day, five segments. Average segment: 20 min (<30 min → Table 1). FDP start: 05:30 ET. Table 1, 05:00–05:59 start, 5 flights (1–11 column): 11 hours maximum FDP.

2b — Regional Routes (Medium Segments, Table 2)

Porter Airlines pilot, YTZ–ORD–YTZ–YUL. Average segment: 40 min (≥30 and <50 min → Table 2). FDP start: 07:30 ET. Table 2, 07:00–12:59 start, 4 flights (1–7 column): 13 hours maximum FDP.

2c — Mainline Routes (Long Segments, Table 3)

Air Canada mainline pilot, YVR–YYZ–YUL. Average segment: 265 min (≥50 min → Table 3). FDP start: 09:15 PT. Table 3, 07:00–12:59 start, 2 flights (1–4 column): 13 hours maximum FDP.

2d — Day VFR Operations (Table 4)

705 operator conducting day VFR training flights. FDP start: 08:00 local. Table 4, 07:00–12:59 start: 13 hours maximum FDP. Day VFR table has no flight-count column; only start time determines the limit.

3. Augmented Long-Range Operations

3a — Three-Pilot Crew with Class 1 Rest Facility

Air Canada YYZ–NRT, 3-pilot augmented crew, Class 1 rest bunk. Scheduled flight time: 13 hours 20 min. FDP start: 13:00 ET. §700.60: 1 additional crew + Class 1 = 15 hours maximum FDP.

App behavior: Switch to augmented mode; verify Class 1 facility; enforce in-flight rest (begins at 10,000 ft AGL; ends 15 min before descent — §700.60(6)); post-FDP rest: 14 hours minimum.

3b — Four-Pilot Crew with Class 1 Facility (18 hours, Ultra Long-Range)

Air Canada YYZ–SYD, 4-pilot crew, Class 1 facility. Scheduled flight: 15 hours 30 min. §700.60: 2 additional crew + Class 1 = 18 hours maximum FDP. §700.62 hard limit: max scheduled flight time = 16 hours ✅ (15:30 < 16:00).

3c — Augmented Crew Joining After First Segment (§700.60(4))

3-pilot crew where first flight (YYZ–YVR, 80 min < 105 min ✅) allows relief pilots to join at YVR for continuation YVR–NRT. All four pilots must end FDP at NRT.

App behavior: Support entry of crew joining mid-FDP; validate FDP start time is common for all crew (YYZ); verify §700.60(5) — relief pilots on flight deck during YVR departure.

4. Reserve Operations

4a — Standard Reserve Availability Period

Swoop pilot on reserve. Air operator notifies at 08:00 of RAP from 12:00–22:00 (10 hours). §700.70(1)(a) requires 12 hours advance notice — 4 hours given ❌. RAP within 14-hour limit ✅. Hours of work credit: 33% × 10 hours = 3.3 hours.

4b — Reserve Assigned to Flight

Reserve pilot: availability begins 15:00, called at 15:30, assigned YYZ–YVR–YYC. §700.70(7): reserve duty period starts between 02:00–17:59 → 18-hour maximum reserve duty period. §700.28 Table 3, 13:00–16:59 start, 2 flights: 12.5-hour FDP. Lesser of the two governs: 12.5-hour FDP limit applies.

4c — Reserve with WOCL — 32-Hour Advance Notice Required

Any part of RAP falls during WOCL (02:00–05:59) → 32 hours advance notice required (§700.70(1)(b)).

5. Split Duty Operations

5a — Overnight Split Duty (00:00–05:59 Break — 100% Credit)

Crew operates YYC–YEG (30 min), then 3-hour break in suitable accommodation at YEG starting at 01:30, then YEG–YYZ. §700.28 Table 3, 00:00–03:59 start: 9-hour baseline. §700.50 split credit (00:00–05:59): 100% × (180 − 45 min) = 135 min. Extended maximum FDP: 11 hours 15 min.

5b — Afternoon Split Duty (06:00–23:59 Break — 50% Credit)

Crew operates YUL–YOW, 2-hour break at 14:00–16:00, then YOW–YHZ. Table 3, 07:00–12:59 start: 13-hour baseline. §700.50 split credit (06:00–23:59): 50% × (120 − 45 min) = 37.5 min. Extended maximum FDP: 13 hours 37 min.

6. Time Zone and Rest Requirements

6a — Away-from-Home-Base Rest (§700.40)

FDP ends away from home base → 10 hours in suitable accommodation required.

6b — Disruptive Schedule: Late-to-Early Transition (§700.41)

Crew completes night duty (ends 02:30 local) and is scheduled for early duty (begins 05:00 local). §700.41(1)(a) requires one local night's rest (≥9 hours between 22:30–09:30) between them. 2.5-hour gap is insufficient ❌.

6c — Time Zone Recovery — Cross-Canada Trip Return (§700.42)

Crew based in YHZ (AT) operates YHZ–YVR (PT) — 4-hour time zone difference. Away from home base overnight: 11 hours required (§700.42(1)). Returns to YHZ next day after 48+ hours away: 13 hours required at home base (§700.42(2)(a)).

6d — Long International Layover — Multiple Nights Required

Crew based in YYZ operates YYZ–LHR (5-hour time zone diff). Away from home base for 96 hours (>60 hours). §700.42(2)(b)(ii): 2 local nights' rest required before next FDP.

7. Unforeseen Operational Circumstances

7a — ATC Delay — Unaugmented Extension

Air Canada Rouge pilot, YYZ–YVR. Standard §700.28 max: 13 hours. ATC 90-min ground delay within 60 minutes of FDP start. §700.63: non-augmented → +2 hours extension. Extended FDP maximum: 15 hours. Post-extension rest increased by at least 2 hours (§700.63(3)).

7b — Equipment Swap — Augmented, Single Flight

Augmented 3-pilot YYZ–NRT crew, augmented baseline: 15 hours. Aircraft swap causes delay. §700.63(1)(b)(iii): augmented + 1 flight → +3 hours. Extended FDP maximum: 18 hours (§700.62 hard cap ✅).

8. Cross-Border Operations (USA ↔ Canada)

8a — Canadian 705 Operator on US Routes

Air Canada operating YYZ–JFK–YYZ. Aircraft is C-registered under CARs 705 AOC. Governing regulation: CARs (Canadian certificate holder, regardless of US airspace or airport). Apply §700.28 tables for FDP limits.

8b — US Part 121 Operator on Canadian Routes

United Airlines operating EWR–YYZ–EWR. Aircraft is N-registered under Part 121 certificate. Governing regulation: FAR Part 117 (US certificate holder). Apply Table B for FDP limits.

8c — Code-Share: CARs Crew on US Routes

Jazz Aviation crew (CARs 705) operating an Air Canada Express code-share YYZ–ORD. Jazz holds a Canadian AOC under 705. Governing regulation: CARs regardless of code-share branding.

8d — Crew Transitioning Between Regulatory Regimes

Flight time accumulated under CARs must be counted when applying Part 117 cumulative limits, and vice versa. The app should flag that prior flight time under a different regulatory regime counts toward cumulative limits.

9. Viewing Cumulative Limitations

9a — During Active FDP

Show current cumulative totals vs. CARs limits: flight time (112 hrs/28d; 300 hrs/90d; 1,000 hrs/365d) and hours of work (60 or 70 hrs/7d; 192 hrs/28d; 2,200 hrs/365d). Include in-progress FDP in running total. Highlight limits within 10%.

9b — For Future Planning

Project a proposed pairing against all cumulative limits. Flag single-days-free-from-duty requirements: 1 per 168 hours, 4 per 672 hours (§700.29(1)(c)).

9c — After Completed FDP

Display all cumulative totals updated with the completed FDP. Show time until cumulative limits are reduced (as older FDPs roll out of the rolling window).


Source: Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs), SOR/96-433, Part VII, Division III. Consolidated through SOR/2025-226. Always verify against the current version at Justice Laws.